A He-Ne laser is an example of a class A laser, which can be described by a single nonlinear
\ndifferential equation of the complex electric field. This laser system has only one degree of
\nfreedom and is thus inherently stable. A He-Ne laser can be driven to the chaotic condition when a
\nlarge fraction of the output beam is injected back to the laser. In practice, this can be done
\nsimply by adding an external mirror. In this situation, the laser system has infinite degrees of
\nfreedom and therefore it can have a chaotic attractor. We show the fundamental laser equations and
\nperform elementary stability analysis. In experiments, the laser intensity variations are measured
\nby a simple photodiode circuit. The laser output intensity time series is studied using nonlinear
\nanalysis tools which can be found freely on the internet. The results show that the laser system
\nwith feedback has an attractor of a reasonably high dimension and that the maximal Lyapunov exponent
\nis positive, which is…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A He-Ne laser is an example of a class A laser, which can be described by a single nonlinear
\ndifferential equation of the complex electric field. This laser system has only one degree of
\nfreedom and is thus inherently stable. A He-Ne laser can be dri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[178],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-440177","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-rss-fuusikaharidus","7":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/440177","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=440177"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/440177\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=440177"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=440177"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=440177"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}