{"id":785,"date":"2007-10-05T06:20:59","date_gmt":"2007-10-05T03:20:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/wordpress\/?p=785"},"modified":"2011-08-08T23:33:47","modified_gmt":"2011-08-08T20:33:47","slug":"valguse-hangumine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/?p=785","title":{"rendered":"Valguse hangumine"},"content":{"rendered":"<div align=\"justify\"><strong>P<\/strong><strong>rantsuse f&uuml;&uuml;sikutel &otilde;nnestus vaadelda, kuidas peeglitega kaetud karp &ldquo;otsustab&rdquo;, kui palju footoneid temas sisaldub. Eksperimendis kasutatakse aatomeid, et m&auml;&auml;rata kindlaks footonite arv ilma neid h&auml;vitamata. See v&otilde;imaldab paremini m&otilde;ista m&otilde;&otilde;tmise m&uuml;steeriumi kvantmehaanikas.<\/strong><br \/>\nKvantmehaanika v&auml;idab, et maailm on oma olemuselt juhuslik: isoleeritud s&uuml;steem on k&otilde;igi v&otilde;imalike olekute h&auml;gune superpositsioon. Kui seda s&uuml;steemi aga m&otilde;&otilde;tma hakata, &ldquo;hangub&rdquo; ta &uuml;hte kindla t&otilde;en&auml;osusega olekusse. F&uuml;&uuml;sikud avastasid hiljuti, et seda &ldquo;hangumist&rdquo; saab muuta astmeliseks. Serge Haroche ja tema kolleegid <em>Ecole Normale Sup&eacute;rieure<\/em>&rsquo;ist on esimesena loonud tehnoloogia, mis v&otilde;imaldab vaadelda koherentse valgusv&auml;lja astmelist hangumist.<br \/>\nS&uuml;steemiks on karp, mis on &auml;&auml;ristatud &uuml;lijuhtivast materjalist peeglitega ja kus koherantse mikrolaine v&auml;li v&otilde;ib sekundi murdosa v&auml;ltel seinalt seinale p&otilde;rgata. Heisenbergi m&auml;&auml;ramatusprintsiibi kohaselt on v&auml;lja koherentsus footonite t&auml;pse arvu teadmise hinnaga. See t&auml;hendab, et enne m&otilde;&otilde;tmist on s&uuml;steem &ldquo;segu&rdquo; footonite arvust &ndash; antud juhul nullist seitmeni.<br \/>\nEt hangumist j&auml;lgida, kasutati tehnoloogiat, kus aatomid on footonitega vastastikm&otilde;jus ilma neid h&auml;vitamata. Elektronid neis aatomites v&otilde;nguvad kahe ergastatud oleku vahel. V&otilde;nkumisi m&otilde;&otilde;tes on v&otilde;imalik teada saada, kui palju footoneid on karbis.<br \/>\nPaari esimese m&otilde;&otilde;tmise puhul on tulemused jaotunud v&otilde;rdselt nullist seitsmeni. J&auml;rgmiste m&otilde;&otilde;tmiste k&auml;igus hakkavad tulemused aga &uuml;he arvu &uuml;mber koonduma. Kvantmehaanika juhusliku olemuse t&otilde;ttu v&otilde;ib see number olla kordusm&otilde;&otilde;tmistel erinev.<br \/>\nHaroche s&otilde;nul on k&otilde;ik eelnevad m&otilde;&otilde;tmised olnud destruktiivsed, footonid &ldquo;hukkusid&rdquo; oma s&otilde;numit edastades.&nbsp; Eksperiment t&otilde;estab, et loendamine on kvantmehaanikas v&otilde;imalik.<\/p>\n<p>Koostas: Kaarel Piip<br \/>\nAllikas: Nature<br \/>\nphysicsworld.com\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prantsuse f&uuml;&uuml;sikutel &otilde;nnestus vaadelda, kuidas peeglitega kaetud karp &ldquo;otsustab&rdquo;, kui palju footoneid temas sisaldub. Eksperimendis kasutatakse aatomeid, et m&auml;&auml;rata kindlaks footonite arv ilma neid h&auml;vitamata. See v&otilde;imaldab paremini m&otilde;ista m&otilde;&otilde;tmise m&uuml;steeriumi kvantmehaanikas. Kvantmehaanika v&auml;idab, et maailm on oma olemuselt juhuslik: isoleeritud s&uuml;steem on k&otilde;igi v&otilde;imalike olekute h&auml;gune superpositsioon. Kui seda s&uuml;steemi aga m&otilde;&otilde;tma hakata, &ldquo;hangub&rdquo; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-785","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-teadusuudis","7":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/785","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=785"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/785\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=785"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=785"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fyysika.ee\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=785"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}