Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful tool used in the investigation of the structural and
mechanical properties of a wide range of materials including biomaterials. It provides the ability
to acquire high resolution images of biomaterials at the nanoscale. It also provides information
about the response of specific areas under controlled applied force, which leads to the mechanical
characterization of the sample at the nanoscale. The wide range of information provided by AFM has
established it as a powerful research tool. In this paper, we present a general overview of the
basic operation and functions of AFM applications in biomaterials. The basic operation of AFM is
explained in detail with a focus on the real interactions that take place at the nanoscale level
during imaging. AFM’s ability to provide the mechanical characterization (force curves) of specific
areas at the nanoscale is also explained. The basic models of applied mechanics that are used for
processing the…