We present a simple and inexpensive method for determining the waist radius of a focused Gaussian
laser beam. This method is motivated by the fact that if you focus the laser beam using a lens, the
distance from the lens to the waist will vary slight…
Determining the waist radius of a focused Gaussian laser beam using a millimeter-scale ruler
Optogalvanic effect and laser-induced current oscillations in hollow-cathode lamps
This paper presents a study of two commercial hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) with the intention
of demonstrating different phenomena in gas discharges. The optogalvanic effect in both HCLs is
produced by a laser diode radiated at the wavelength that …
Complex systems: physics beyond physics
Complex systems are characterised by specific time-dependent interactions among their many
constituents. As a consequence they often manifest rich, non-trivial and unexpected behaviour.
Examples arise both in the physical and non-physical worlds. The…
Determining the waist radius of a focused Gaussian laser beam using a millimeter-scale ruler
We present a simple and inexpensive method for determining the waist radius of a focused Gaussian
laser beam. This method is motivated by the fact that if you focus the laser beam using a lens, the
distance from the lens to the waist will vary slight…
Complex systems: physics beyond physics
Complex systems are characterised by specific time-dependent interactions among their many
constituents. As a consequence they often manifest rich, non-trivial and unexpected behaviour.
Examples arise both in the physical and non-physical worlds. The…
Optogalvanic effect and laser-induced current oscillations in hollow-cathode lamps
This paper presents a study of two commercial hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) with the intention
of demonstrating different phenomena in gas discharges. The optogalvanic effect in both HCLs is
produced by a laser diode radiated at the wavelength that …
Ariane 5’s first launch this year
An Ariane 5, operated by Arianespace, has delivered the Sky Brasil-1 and Telkom-3S telecom satellites into their planned orbits.
Ariane 5’s first launch this year
An Ariane 5, operated by Arianespace, has delivered the Sky Brasil-1 and Telkom-3S telecom satellites into their planned orbits.
Lasers Could Give Space Research its ‘Broadband’ Moment
New laser technology could yield more science data and high-definition video from spacecraft.
Spitzer Hears Stellar ‘Heartbeat’ from Planetary Companion
A planet and a star are having a tumultuous romance that can be detected from 370 light-years away.
Spitzer Hears Stellar ‘Heartbeat’ from Planetary Companion
A planet and a star are having a tumultuous romance that can be detected from 370 light-years away.
Fundamental Limits to Collective Concentration Sensing in Cell Populations
Author(s): Sean Fancher and Andrew MuglerCells that communicate with each other can measure chemical concentrations with higher precision if they spread out into a sparse configuration.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 078101] Published Tue Feb 14, 2017
No-Go Theorem for the Characterization of Work Fluctuations in Coherent Quantum Systems
Author(s): Martí Perarnau-Llobet, Elisa Bäumer, Karen V. Hovhannisyan, Marcus Huber, and Antonio Acin
The operator of work in quantum thermodynamics is incompatible with quantum mechanics, which is why the correspondence principle has to be critically examined whenever work is involved.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 070601] Published Tue Feb 14, 2017
Fundamental Limits to Collective Concentration Sensing in Cell Populations
Author(s): Sean Fancher and Andrew MuglerCells that communicate with each other can measure chemical concentrations with higher precision if they spread out into a sparse configuration.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 078101] Published Tue Feb 14, 2017
No-Go Theorem for the Characterization of Work Fluctuations in Coherent Quantum Systems
Author(s): Martí Perarnau-Llobet, Elisa Bäumer, Karen V. Hovhannisyan, Marcus Huber, and Antonio Acin
The operator of work in quantum thermodynamics is incompatible with quantum mechanics, which is why the correspondence principle has to be critically examined whenever work is involved.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 070601] Published Tue Feb 14, 2017
One million
ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet’s Facebook account has more than a million likes
How smartphones can help astronomers find FRBs
You can use that phone for something cooler than Candy Crush and Facebook
This planet briefly pulls its star into a cepheid variable stage
The pulses cause seismic waves to move through the atmosphere of the star.
How Islamic scholarship birthed modern astronomy
“There were so many contributions over a millennium that it’s impossible to pick just a few.”
When Earth Became a ‘Mote of Dust’
We first glimpsed Earth’s curvature in 1946, via a repurposed German V-2 rocket that flew 65 miles above the surface. Year-by-year, we climbed a little higher, engineering a means to comprehend the magnitude of our home.
In 1968, Apollo 8 lunar …
Asteroid Day 2017
Watch today’s press conference announcing Asteroid Day for 30 June – including words from Franco Ongaro, ESA Director of Technical and Quality Management – from 1430 CET (1330 GMT)
Home from home
Human spaceflight image of the week: Thomas Pesquet’s space residence photographed from his old address on Earth
Descent into a Frozen Underworld
A JPL robotics researcher tested new technologies in ice caves near an active volcano in Antarctica.
Descent into a Frozen Underworld
A JPL robotics researcher tested new technologies in ice caves near an active volcano in Antarctica.
Spin-Dependent Weakly-Interacting-Massive-Particle–Nucleon Cross Section Limits from First Data of PandaX-II Experiment
Author(s): Changbo Fu et al. (PandaX-II Collaboration)New data from the PandaX-II experiment in China improves the bounds on the spin-dependent cross-sections for WIMP dark matter by a factor of two.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 071301] Published Mon Feb 13, …
Formation and Destabilization of the Particle Band on the Fluid-Fluid Interface
Author(s): Jungchul Kim, Feng Xu, and Sungyon LeeNew experiments show that when a particle suspension is injected into oil, the particles congregate at the oil-suspension interface, causing it to destabilize.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 074501] Published Mon…
Spin-Dependent Weakly-Interacting-Massive-Particle–Nucleon Cross Section Limits from First Data of PandaX-II Experiment
Author(s): Changbo Fu et al. (PandaX-II Collaboration)New data from the PandaX-II experiment in China improves the bounds on the spin-dependent cross-sections for WIMP dark matter by a factor of two.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 071301] Published Mon Feb 13, …
Formation and Destabilization of the Particle Band on the Fluid-Fluid Interface
Author(s): Jungchul Kim, Feng Xu, and Sungyon LeeNew experiments show that when a particle suspension is injected into oil, the particles congregate at the oil-suspension interface, causing it to destabilize.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 074501] Published Mon…
Transportable Optical Lattice Clock with 7×10^{−17} Uncertainty
Author(s): S. B. Koller, J. Grotti, St. Vogt, A. Al-Masoudi, S. Dörscher, S. Häfner, U. Sterr, and Ch. Lisdat
Transportable atomic clocks are now operating with fractional-frequency uncertainties below one part in 1016, opening up new applications.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 073601] Published Mon Feb 13, 2017
Transportable Optical Lattice Clock with 7×10^{−17} Uncertainty
Author(s): S. B. Koller, J. Grotti, St. Vogt, A. Al-Masoudi, S. Dörscher, S. Häfner, U. Sterr, and Ch. Lisdat
Transportable atomic clocks are now operating with fractional-frequency uncertainties below one part in 1016, opening up new applications.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 073601] Published Mon Feb 13, 2017
Spacecraft shadow
Space Science Image of the Week: Remembering Rosetta’s close comet flyby on Valentine’s Day 2015
A team of astronomers open dataset of nearby stars to the public
Now anyone can help the search for new exoplanets.
Astronomers catch a supernova just as its big boom begins
Observations taken just hours after a supernova explosion help to illuminate the environment of the star just before its death.
Another Hubble repair mission could be on the way
Preliminary reports suggest the Trump administration may team up with Sierra Nevada to bring new life to an old telescope.
Binding blocks: building the Universe one nucleus at a time
We present a new teaching and outreach activity based around the construction of a three-dimensional
chart of isotopes using ##IMG##
[http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9120/52/2/024001/pedaa550cieqn001.gif]
{$\text{LEG}{{\text{O}}^{\circledR}}$} bricks …
Reviews
Description unavailable
Ciênsação: gaining a feeling for sciences
Ciênsação, an open online repository for hands-on experiments, has been developed to convince
teachers in Latin America that science is best experienced first hand. Permitting students to
experiment autonomously in small groups can be a challengin…
Interview: The future of planetary astrophysics
Zoë Leinhardt is a senior lecturer at Bristol University, and she is part of the Planet Formation
Group. David Richardson met with her to ask about this exciting area of physics and her journey to
what she does today.
Demonstrating Earth connections and fuses working together
Earth wires and fuses work together in UK mains circuits to keep users safe from electric shocks and
are taught in many school contexts. The subject can be quite abstract and difficult for pupils to
grasp, and a simple but visually clear and direct d…
Binding blocks: building the Universe one nucleus at a time
We present a new teaching and outreach activity based around the construction of a three-dimensional
chart of isotopes using ##IMG##
[http://ej.iop.org/images/0031-9120/52/2/024001/pedaa550cieqn001.gif]
{$\text{LEG}{{\text{O}}^{\circledR}}$} bricks …
Reviews
Description unavailable
Ciênsação: gaining a feeling for sciences
Ciênsação, an open online repository for hands-on experiments, has been developed to convince
teachers in Latin America that science is best experienced first hand. Permitting students to
experiment autonomously in small groups can be a challengin…
Interview: The future of planetary astrophysics
Zoë Leinhardt is a senior lecturer at Bristol University, and she is part of the Planet Formation
Group. David Richardson met with her to ask about this exciting area of physics and her journey to
what she does today.
Demonstrating Earth connections and fuses working together
Earth wires and fuses work together in UK mains circuits to keep users safe from electric shocks and
are taught in many school contexts. The subject can be quite abstract and difficult for pupils to
grasp, and a simple but visually clear and direct d…
Scientists Shortlist Three Landing Sites for Mars 2020
Participants in a landing site workshop for NASA’s upcoming Mars 2020 mission have recommended three locations on the Red Planet for further evaluation.
Scientists Shortlist Three Landing Sites for Mars 2020
Participants in a landing site workshop for NASA’s upcoming Mars 2020 mission have recommended three locations on the Red Planet for further evaluation.
Asteroid Resembles Dungeons and Dragons Dice
Radar images of asteroid 2017 BQ6 were obtained on Feb. 6 and 7 with NASA’s 70-meter antenna at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex in California.
Asteroid Resembles Dungeons and Dragons Dice
Radar images of asteroid 2017 BQ6 were obtained on Feb. 6 and 7 with NASA’s 70-meter antenna at the Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex in California.
Characterizing Neutron-Proton Equilibration in Nuclear Reactions with Subzeptosecond Resolution
Author(s): A. Jedele, A. B. McIntosh, K. Hagel, M. Huang, L. Heilborn, Z. Kohley, L. W. May, E. McCleskey, M. Youngs, A. Zarrella, and S. J. Yennello
The equilibration of nuclei containing a large imbalance of protons and neutrons can occur in 3×10−22 seconds, according to experiments—important information for models of element-creation in supernovae.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 062501] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Spin Polarization and Attosecond Time Delay in Photoemission from Spin Degenerate States of Solids
Author(s): Mauro Fanciulli, Henrieta Volfová, Stefan Muff, Jürgen Braun, Hubert Ebert, Jan Minár, Ulrich Heinzmann, and J. Hugo Dil
Time delay between photon entry and the resulting photoemission from a dispersive band of a solid is determined by measuring the spin polarization of the photoelectrons.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067402] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Odd-Integer Quantum Hall States and Giant Spin Susceptibility in p-Type Few-Layer WSe_{2}
Author(s): Shuigang Xu, Junying Shen, Gen Long, Zefei Wu, Zhi-qiang Bao, Cheng-Cheng Liu, Xiao Xiao, Tianyi Han, Jiangxiazi Lin, Yingying Wu, Huanhuan Lu, Jianqiang Hou, Liheng An, Yuanwei Wang, Yuan Cai, K. M. Ho, Yuheng He, Rolf Lortz, Fan Zhang, and Ning Wang
Transition metal dichalcogenides in a tilted magnetic field display unconventional quantum Hall transport phenomena, including a Zeeman energy that is almost three times as large as the cyclotron energy.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067702] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Spin Polarization and Attosecond Time Delay in Photoemission from Spin Degenerate States of Solids
Author(s): Mauro Fanciulli, Henrieta Volfová, Stefan Muff, Jürgen Braun, Hubert Ebert, Jan Minár, Ulrich Heinzmann, and J. Hugo Dil
Time delay between photon entry and the resulting photoemission from a dispersive band of a solid is determined by measuring the spin polarization of the photoelectrons.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067402] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Characterizing Neutron-Proton Equilibration in Nuclear Reactions with Subzeptosecond Resolution
Author(s): A. Jedele, A. B. McIntosh, K. Hagel, M. Huang, L. Heilborn, Z. Kohley, L. W. May, E. McCleskey, M. Youngs, A. Zarrella, and S. J. Yennello
The equilibration of nuclei containing a large imbalance of protons and neutrons can occur in 3×10−22 seconds, according to experiments—important information for models of element-creation in supernovae.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 062501] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Odd-Integer Quantum Hall States and Giant Spin Susceptibility in p-Type Few-Layer WSe_{2}
Author(s): Shuigang Xu, Junying Shen, Gen Long, Zefei Wu, Zhi-qiang Bao, Cheng-Cheng Liu, Xiao Xiao, Tianyi Han, Jiangxiazi Lin, Yingying Wu, Huanhuan Lu, Jianqiang Hou, Liheng An, Yuanwei Wang, Yuan Cai, K. M. Ho, Yuheng He, Rolf Lortz, Fan Zhang, and Ning Wang
Transition metal dichalcogenides in a tilted magnetic field display unconventional quantum Hall transport phenomena, including a Zeeman energy that is almost three times as large as the cyclotron energy.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067702] Published Fri Feb 10, 2017
Why you might not see that comet in the sky
A near-full Moon will likely obscure Comet 45P naked eye viewing. But it’s not impossible.
Investigating and improving student understanding of the probability distributions for measuring physical observables in quantum mechanics
A solid grasp of the probability distributions for measuring physical observables is central to
connecting the quantum formalism to measurements. However, students often struggle with the
probability distributions of measurement outcomes for an obser…
Investigating and improving student understanding of the probability distributions for measuring physical observables in quantum mechanics
A solid grasp of the probability distributions for measuring physical observables is central to
connecting the quantum formalism to measurements. However, students often struggle with the
probability distributions of measurement outcomes for an obser…
A Valentine: From Cassini with Love
The world has ridden along with NASA’s Saturn spacecraft via its incredible images. Now the mission invites the public to share their own works of art.
NASA, UCI Reveal New Details of Greenland Ice Loss
Data from NASA’s Oceans Melting Greenland campaign are dramatically increasing our knowledge of how the ocean is melting Greenland’s ice sheet.
A Valentine: From Cassini with Love
The world has ridden along with NASA’s Saturn spacecraft via its incredible images. Now the mission invites the public to share their own works of art.
NASA, UCI Reveal New Details of Greenland Ice Loss
Data from NASA’s Oceans Melting Greenland campaign are dramatically increasing our knowledge of how the ocean is melting Greenland’s ice sheet.
Light-Mediated Cascaded Locking of Multiple Nano-Optomechanical Oscillators
Author(s): E. Gil-Santos, M. Labousse, C. Baker, A. Goetschy, W. Hease, C. Gomez, A. Lemaître, G. Leo, C. Ciuti, and I. Favero
Light traveling on a chip connects a chain of nanomechanical oscillators, synchronizing the frequency of their motion.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 063605] Published Thu Feb 09, 2017
First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at 24 μeV
Author(s): B. M. Brubaker, L. Zhong, Y. V. Gurevich, S. B. Cahn, S. K. Lamoreaux, M. Simanovskaia, J. R. Root, S. M. Lewis, S. Al Kenany, K. M. Backes, I. Urdinaran, N. M. Rapidis, T. M. Shokair, K. A. van Bibber, D. A. Palken, M. Malnou, W. F. Kindel, M. A. Anil, K. W. Lehnert, and G. Carosi
A new detector has searched for hypothetical dark matter particles known as axions in a previously inaccessible mass range.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 061302] Published Thu Feb 09, 2017
Light-Mediated Cascaded Locking of Multiple Nano-Optomechanical Oscillators
Author(s): E. Gil-Santos, M. Labousse, C. Baker, A. Goetschy, W. Hease, C. Gomez, A. Lemaître, G. Leo, C. Ciuti, and I. Favero
Light traveling on a chip connects a chain of nanomechanical oscillators, synchronizing the frequency of their motion.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 063605] Published Thu Feb 09, 2017
First Results from a Microwave Cavity Axion Search at 24 μeV
Author(s): B. M. Brubaker, L. Zhong, Y. V. Gurevich, S. B. Cahn, S. K. Lamoreaux, M. Simanovskaia, J. R. Root, S. M. Lewis, S. Al Kenany, K. M. Backes, I. Urdinaran, N. M. Rapidis, T. M. Shokair, K. A. van Bibber, D. A. Palken, M. Malnou, W. F. Kindel, M. A. Anil, K. W. Lehnert, and G. Carosi
A new detector has searched for hypothetical dark matter particles known as axions in a previously inaccessible mass range.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 061302] Published Thu Feb 09, 2017
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 6-10 February 2017
Earth from Space
Join us Friday, 10 February, at 10:00 CET for the ‘Earth from Space’ video programme. This week features rare snow cover on the Italian island of Sicily
Astronomers spot a giant Halley’s Comet-like object as it disappears into the atmosphere of a white dwarf
Other solar systems may have belts of icy objects, just like our own Kuiper Belt
Elusive blue lightning filmed dancing above a thunderstorm
In Earth’s upper atmosphere, blue jets, red sprites, pixies, halos, trolls and elves streak toward space, rarely caught in the act by human eyes.
This mixed-bag of quasi-mythological terms are all names for transient luminous events, or, quite si…
Green for Sentinel-2
Operations image of the week: Green for Sentinel-2 launch
Door out of silence
Technology image of the week: the way out of the ever-quiet Hertz chamber, used to test large space antennas
Publisher’s announcement: What Happens Next? Ice cubes on drinks cans—the question (Featonby 2016 Phys. Educ . 51 047002 [http://https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/51/4/047002] )
Description unavailable
Publisher’s announcement: What Happens Next? Ice cubes on drinks cans—the question (Featonby 2016 Phys. Educ . 51 047002 [http://https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/51/4/047002] )
Description unavailable
Heli Luknerile presidendi noore teadlase eripreemia!
Niisiis, Vabariigi Presidendi Kultuurirahastu nõukogu andis välja noore teadlase eripreemia teadusliku mõtteviisi populariseerimise eest. Preemia läks Heli Luknerile. Öeldi: Igapäevase teadustöö kõrvalt on Heli Lukner tegelenud aktiivselt teadusliku mõtteviisi populariseerimisega. Ta on üks Teadusbussi algatajatest ning aastatel 2005 ja 2006 oli esineja ja projektijuht ERRi hommikuprogrammi füüsikaminutites. Alates aastast 2015 veab ta ettevõtlikele tudengitele suunatud […]
NASA Receives Science Report on Europa Lander Concept
A report on the potential science value of a lander on Europa has been delivered to NASA, and the agency is engaging the science community to discuss its findings.
NASA-Led Campaign Studies Hawaii’s Iconic Volcanoes
A NASA-led science team is exploring Hawaii’s Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes from the air, ground and space to better understand volcanic processes and hazards.
One Role of Mars Orbiter: Check Possible Landing Sites
At this week’s workshop about where NASA’s next Mars rover should land, most of the information comes from a prolific spacecraft that’s been orbiting Mars since 2006.
NASA-Led Campaign Studies Hawaii’s Iconic Volcanoes
A NASA-led science team is exploring Hawaii’s Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes from the air, ground and space to better understand volcanic processes and hazards.
One Role of Mars Orbiter: Check Possible Landing Sites
At this week’s workshop about where NASA’s next Mars rover should land, most of the information comes from a prolific spacecraft that’s been orbiting Mars since 2006.
NASA Receives Science Report on Europa Lander Concept
A report on the potential science value of a lander on Europa has been delivered to NASA, and the agency is engaging the science community to discuss its findings.
NASA Studies a Rarity: Growing Louisiana Deltas
A NASA study of two growing Louisiana deltas can help scientists better understand how coastal wetlands will respond to global sea level rise.
Process-Accessible States of Block Copolymers
Author(s): De-Wen Sun and Marcus Müller
Light could alter the chemistry of multicomponent polymers, allowing for the control of structures they form.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067801] Published Wed Feb 08, 2017
Process-Accessible States of Block Copolymers
Author(s): De-Wen Sun and Marcus Müller
Light could alter the chemistry of multicomponent polymers, allowing for the control of structures they form.
[Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 067801] Published Wed Feb 08, 2017
CryoSat reveals lake outbursts beneath Antarctic ice
A novel way of using ESA’s CryoSat mission has revealed how lakes beneath Thwaites Glacier drained into the Amundsen Sea – potentially the largest such outflow ever reported in this region of West Antarctica.
CryoSat reveals lake outbursts beneath Antarctic ice
A novel way of using ESA’s CryoSat mission has revealed how lakes beneath Thwaites Glacier drained into the Amundsen Sea – potentially the largest such outflow ever reported in this region of West Antarctica.
See Earth’s shadow on the Moon
February 10’s penumbral lunar eclipse is better than no eclipse at all.
Astronomers find a new class of black holes
Welcome to the astronomical world, intermediate-mass black holes.
Blue jets studied from Space Station
Blue jets studied from Space Station
The warm, rich sound of valve guitar amplifiers
Practical solid state diodes and transistors have made glass valve technology nearly obsolete.
Nevertheless, valves survive largely because electric guitar players much prefer the sound of valve
amplifiers to the sound of transistor amplifiers. This …
The German Physics Olympiad—identifying and inspiring talents
Student competitions can act as potent enrichment measures and complement formal schooling in
fostering students’ motivation as well as promoting their skills. This article presents the German
Physics Olympiad, the national precursor to the Interna…
Chain Experiment competition inspires learning of physics
The Chain Experiment is an annual competition which originated in Slovenia in 2005 and later
expanded to Poland in 2013. For the purpose of the event, each participating team designs and builds
a contraption that transports a small steel ball from on…
Ultrahydrophobic water
When a water drop falls on an oscillating soapy water surface it is observed that coalescence of the
drop is inhibited because the drops are bouncing on the surface like on a trampoline. In our
research we made experimental and theoretical investigat…
Transport phenomena and dimensionless numbers: towards a new methodological approach
This review presents a new methodical approach to the classification of dimensionless numbers
as pair relationships of the main forces controlling transport phenomena in fluids at the
macroscopic level by using a tabulated form. To memorize the t…
The International Young Physicists’ Tournament
The International Young Physicists’ Tournament (IYPT), is a competition for teams of secondary
school students, often referred to as the Physics World Cup. This year the 29th IYPT took place in
Russia with a new record of 29 competing teams from ar…
Assessing learning outcomes from experiments in a science competition
The Slovene Science competition for primary school students aged between 6 and 12 years will be
explained briefly. The competition is based on experiments, which should be done well in advance
either at school or at home. An example of the proposed e…
The warm, rich sound of valve guitar amplifiers
Practical solid state diodes and transistors have made glass valve technology nearly obsolete.
Nevertheless, valves survive largely because electric guitar players much prefer the sound of valve
amplifiers to the sound of transistor amplifiers. This …
The German Physics Olympiad—identifying and inspiring talents
Student competitions can act as potent enrichment measures and complement formal schooling in
fostering students’ motivation as well as promoting their skills. This article presents the German
Physics Olympiad, the national precursor to the Interna…
Chain Experiment competition inspires learning of physics
The Chain Experiment is an annual competition which originated in Slovenia in 2005 and later
expanded to Poland in 2013. For the purpose of the event, each participating team designs and builds
a contraption that transports a small steel ball from on…