The latest search for alien construction around Tabby’s Star began this week
A sinister skyscape
Space Science Image of the Week: An unusually bright and sudden aurora looms over Iceland, adopting the spooky form of a writhing celestial serpent
Are Maxwell’s equations Lorentz-covariant?
It is stated in many textbooks that Maxwell’s equations are manifestly covariant when written down
in tensorial form. We recall that tensorial form of Maxwell’s equations does not secure their
tensorial contents ; they become covariant by postulating…
Correlated Event-by-Event Fluctuations of Flow Harmonics in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN} ] =2.76 TeV
Author(s): J. Adam et al. (ALICE Collaboration)A new measurement of correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of two different flow harmonics better constrains the medium properties of the quark-gluon plasma.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 182301] Publis…
Correlated Event-by-Event Fluctuations of Flow Harmonics in Pb-Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN} ] =2.76 TeV
Author(s): J. Adam et al. (ALICE Collaboration)A new measurement of correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of two different flow harmonics better constrains the medium properties of the quark-gluon plasma.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 182301] Publis…
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 24-28 October 2016
Swarm reveals why satellites lose track

Satellite engineers have been puzzling over why GPS navigation systems on low-orbiting satellites like ESA’s Swarm sometimes black out when they fly over the equator between Africa and South America. Thanks to Swarm, it appears ‘thunderstorms’ in the ionosphere are to blame.
The Sky This Week for October 28 to November 6
12th-magnitude Comet Johnson, Algol in Perseus reaches maximum brightness, and other cool things to look for in the sky this week.
New Horizons sends back last of Pluto data
After a year and a half of transmitting, the last of the data has finally been returned
These are the spookiest, scariest storms on any known planet
From Jupiter’s red storms to distant howling lightning storms, these are the places you least want to be.
Keep an automatic eye on seismic zones

The Copernicus Sentinel-1 twin radar satellites combined with cloud computing are monitoring Europe’s earthquake zones by searching for ground shifts as small as a millimetre.
Next stop Baikonur for ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet
Cosmic sculpture: a new way to visualise the cosmic microwave background
3D printing presents an attractive alternative to visual representation of physical datasets such as
astronomical images that can be used for research, outreach or teaching purposes, and is especially
relevant to people with a visual disability. We h…
No Balloons for JPL’s Birthday, Just a ‘Satelloon’
80 years of daring to do what few others have tried, including bouncing radio signals off a giant, orbiting balloon in 1960.
Catalog of Known Near-Earth Asteroids Tops 15,000
The 15,000th near-Earth asteroid (2016 TB57) was discovered this month.
Further Clues to Fate of Mars Lander, Seen From Orbit
The most powerful telescope orbiting Mars provides new details of the scene where Europe’s test lander hit the surface last week.
NASA Moon Mission Shares Insights into Giant Impacts
New results from NASA’s GRAIL mission yield insights into the huge impacts that dominated the early history of Earth’s moon and other solid worlds in our solar system.
Art Turns Public Eyes (and Ears) Toward Space
“Orbit,” an educational experience, lets the public explore satellites through sound.
Art Turns Public Eyes (and Ears) Toward Space
“Orbit,” an educational experience, lets the public explore satellites through sound.
Catalog of Known Near-Earth Asteroids Tops 15,000
The 15,000th near-Earth asteroid (2016 TB57) was discovered this month.
NASA Moon Mission Shares Insights into Giant Impacts
New results from NASA’s GRAIL mission yield insights into the huge impacts that dominated the early history of Earth’s moon and other solid worlds in the outer solar system.
Further Clues to Fate of Mars Lander, Seen From Orbit
The most powerful telescope orbiting Mars provides new details of the scene where Europe’s test lander hit the surface last week.
Detailed images of Schiaparelli and its descent hardware on Mars
A high-resolution image taken by a NASA Mars orbiter this week reveals further details of the area where the ExoMars Schiaparelli module ended up following its descent on 19 October.
Spin-Orbit Coupling and Spin Textures in Optical Superlattices
Author(s): Junru Li, Wujie Huang, Boris Shteynas, Sean Burchesky, Furkan Çağrı Top, Edward Su, Jeongwon Lee, Alan O. Jamison, and Wolfgang Ketterle
Orbital levels in a double-well optical superlattice are used as pseudospin states in a novel scheme to generate spin-orbit coupling with ultracold atoms.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 185301] Published Thu Oct 27, 2016
Creation of Magnetic Monopoles in Classical Scattering
Author(s): Tanmay Vachaspati
Magnetic monopoles—theorized particles with only one magnetic pole—might possibly be created by wave-wave collisions.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 181601] Published Thu Oct 27, 2016
Spin-Orbit Coupling and Spin Textures in Optical Superlattices
Author(s): Junru Li, Wujie Huang, Boris Shteynas, Sean Burchesky, Furkan Çağrı Top, Edward Su, Jeongwon Lee, Alan O. Jamison, and Wolfgang Ketterle
Orbital levels in a double-well optical superlattice are used as pseudospin states in a novel scheme to generate spin-orbit coupling with ultracold atoms.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 185301] Published Thu Oct 27, 2016
Creation of Magnetic Monopoles in Classical Scattering
Author(s): Tanmay Vachaspati
Magnetic monopoles—theorized particles with only one magnetic pole—might possibly be created by wave-wave collisions.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 181601] Published Thu Oct 27, 2016
Fifteen years of Proba-1
Technology image of the week: ESA’s original technology demonstration minisatellite, still going strong, images an Arctic river delta
Thumbs up
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Operations image of the week: ESA’s ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter swings into orbit around the Red Planet
Earth from Space

Join us Friday, 28 October, at 10:00 CEST for the ‘Earth from Space’ video programme. The flat-topped mountains of Russia’s Putoransky State Nature Reserve are featured in this week’s edition
Take the Ghost Hunt challenge
This Halloween season, grab your telescope and scare up these spooky objects
New NASA Images Confirm Schiaparelli’s Demise
The tragic fate of the European Space Agency’s lander has been confirmed
The outer solar system keeps getting weirder
New distant objects? Unseen planets? The unexplored region of our solar system
15 000 space rocks and counting

The international effort to find, confirm and catalogue the multitude of asteroids that pose a threat to our planet has reached a milestone: 15 000 discovered – with many more to go.
No Balloons for JPL’s Birthday, Just a ‘Satelloon’
80 years of daring to do what few others have tried, including bouncing radio signals off a giant, orbiting balloon in 1960.
How researchers could find planets that have suffered a zombie apocalypse
What started out as a bar room bet became a paper taking the goofy premise deadly seriously
Shared vision and goals for the future of Europe in space

A ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for the Future of European Space’ was signed by ESA Director General Jan Woerner and European Commissioner Elżbieta Bieńkowska in Brussels today.
It’s Harder to Splash on Soft Solids
Author(s): Christopher J. Howland, Arnaud Antkowiak, J. Rafael Castrejón-Pita, Sam D. Howison, James M. Oliver, Robert W. Style, and Alfonso A. Castrejón-Pita
A drop’s splash can be reduced and even eliminated by varying the softness of the surface that it hits.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 184502] Published Wed Oct 26, 2016
Disentangling Multidimensional Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Adsorbates: CO Desorption from Cu(100)
Author(s): Ken-ichi Inoue, Kazuya Watanabe, Toshiki Sugimoto, Yoshiyasu Matsumoto, and Tomokazu YasuikeApplication of a femtosecond spectroscopy technique to a copper surface has allowed the desorption of carbon monoxide molecules to be tracked with un…
Disentangling Multidimensional Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Adsorbates: CO Desorption from Cu(100)
Author(s): Ken-ichi Inoue, Kazuya Watanabe, Toshiki Sugimoto, Yoshiyasu Matsumoto, and Tomokazu YasuikeApplication of a femtosecond spectroscopy technique to a copper surface has allowed the desorption of carbon monoxide molecules to be tracked with un…
It’s Harder to Splash on Soft Solids
Author(s): Christopher J. Howland, Arnaud Antkowiak, J. Rafael Castrejón-Pita, Sam D. Howison, James M. Oliver, Robert W. Style, and Alfonso A. Castrejón-Pita
A drop’s splash can be reduced and even eliminated by varying the softness of the surface that it hits.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 184502] Published Wed Oct 26, 2016
Satellites to spot drones and guide cyclists

A space-age system for detecting drones took home the grand prize in this year’s European Satellite Navigation Competition, while ESA’s prize went to a smart satnav bicycle bell.
Epsilon Aurigae: Astronomy’s longest-running mystery show
A huge, unknown object is dimming this supergiant star’s light, just as it did 27 years ago. New technology may soon tell us what it is.
Behold! The birth of stellar triplets
Astronomers have captured a stunningly clear, and rare image of stellar triplets still in their infancy
This 1950’s Mars documentary seems positively quaint today
Here’s what we knew of Mars in 1954
Largest “depleted galaxy” holds clues to how it formed
New model of merging galaxies better explains missing stars and visible star clumps
NASA’s Juno Mission Exits Safe Mode, Performs Trim Maneuver
NASA’s Juno spacecraft at Jupiter has left safe mode and has successfully completed a minor burn of its thruster engines in preparation for its next close flyby of Jupiter.
Studies Offer New Glimpse of Melting Under Antarctic Glaciers
Two new studies offer a direct view of rapid melting from the undersides of glaciers in West Antarctica, with implications for future rates of global sea level rise.
NASA’s Juno Mission Exits Safe Mode, Performs Trim Maneuver
NASA’s Juno spacecraft at Jupiter has left safe mode and has successfully completed a minor burn of its thruster engines in preparation for its next close flyby of Jupiter.
Studies Offer New Glimpse of Melting Under Antarctic Glaciers
Two new studies offer a direct view of rapid melting from the undersides of glaciers in West Antarctica, with implications for future rates of global sea level rise.
Control of Exciton Valley Coherence in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Author(s): G. Wang, X. Marie, B. L. Liu, T. Amand, C. Robert, F. Cadiz, P. Renucci, and B. Urbaszek
A magnetic field can be used to change the “valley” states that emerge in certain semiconductors.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 187401] Published Tue Oct 25, 2016
Rotating and Precessing Dissipative-Optical-Topological-3D Solitons
Author(s): N. A. Veretenov, N. N. Rosanov, and S. V. Fedorov
An unusual type of soliton is theoretically predicted where the soliton both rotates and precesses, much like a gyroscope.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 183901] Published Tue Oct 25, 2016
Control of Exciton Valley Coherence in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Author(s): G. Wang, X. Marie, B. L. Liu, T. Amand, C. Robert, F. Cadiz, P. Renucci, and B. Urbaszek
A magnetic field can be used to change the “valley” states that emerge in certain semiconductors.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 187401] Published Tue Oct 25, 2016
Rotating and Precessing Dissipative-Optical-Topological-3D Solitons
Author(s): N. A. Veretenov, N. N. Rosanov, and S. V. Fedorov
An unusual type of soliton is theoretically predicted where the soliton both rotates and precesses, much like a gyroscope.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 183901] Published Tue Oct 25, 2016
Schiaparelli may have crashed due to computer glitch
The ExoMars team may have an easy fix for their 2020 lander
Powerful solar storm could yield stunning auroras tonight
Witness the dazzling effects of some particularly stormy celestial weather tonight
Wave-like variables of a classical particle and their connections to quantum mechanics
In many texts, the transition from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics is achieved by
substituting the action for the phase angle. The paper presents a different approach to show some
connections between classical and quantum mechanics for a sin…
Physics of croquet
Croquet is a sport that is similar to billiards in that it involves the collision of one ball with
another. Measurements and calculations are presented for three typical shots, one known as a
straight croquet, one known as a split croquet and the oth…
Corrigendum: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: an undergraduate experiment (2016 Eur. J. Phys. 37 [http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/37/6/065303] 065303 )
Description unavailable
Could an astronaut’s corpse bring new life to another world?
A poor soul adrift in the void could bring the genesis on a place like Mars
How can a planet keep its ring system? By creating them backwards
Welcome to the theoretical counter-Saturn.
Dielectric Susceptibility of Liquid Water: Microscopic Insights from Coherent and Incoherent Neutron Scattering
Author(s): A. Arbe, P. Malo de Molina, F. Alvarez, B. Frick, and J. Colmenero
The combination of two spectroscopic techniques reveals the microscopic mechanisms that control the behavior of water’s dielectric constant.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 185501] Published Mon Oct 24, 2016
Dielectric Susceptibility of Liquid Water: Microscopic Insights from Coherent and Incoherent Neutron Scattering
Author(s): A. Arbe, P. Malo de Molina, F. Alvarez, B. Frick, and J. Colmenero
The combination of two spectroscopic techniques reveals the microscopic mechanisms that control the behavior of water’s dielectric constant.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 185501] Published Mon Oct 24, 2016
NASA’s Kepler space telescope discovered ‘heartbeat’ stars
These interesting stars will be helpful for scientists studying gravitational effects of stars
MASS projekt toob Euroopa kogemuse Eesti õpetajateni
Kuidas rakendada digivahendeid loodusteaduste õppimisel? Kuidas rakendada uurimusliku õppe meetodeid juba varasemates kooliastmetes? Kuidas õpetada loodusaineid neile, kellel koolis hästi ei lähe? Tšehhi, Küprose, Saksamaa, Kreeka, Läti, Hollandi, Poola ja Eesti loodusteaduslikku haridust edendavate organisatsioonide koostöös algatatud projekt MASS (ehk Motivate and Attract Students to Science) proovib neile küsimustele vastata. Projekti raames loodud materjalid leiab […]
Camera on Mars Orbiter Shows Signs of Latest Mars Lander
NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has identified new markings on the surface of the Red Planet that are believed to be related to Europe’s Schiaparelli test lander, which arrived at Mars on Oct. 19.
Uranus May Have Two Undiscovered Moons
A new study suggests Uranus has two tiny, previously undiscovered moonlets orbiting near two of the planet’s rings.
‘Heartbeat Stars’ Unlocked in New Study
Heartbeat stars got their name because if you were to map out their brightness over time, the result looks like an electrocardiogram, a graph of the electrical activity of the heart.
‘Heartbeat Stars’ Unlocked in New Study
Heartbeat stars got their name because if you were to map out their brightness over time, the result looks like an electrocardiogram, a graph of the electrical activity of the heart.
Camera on Mars Orbiter Shows Signs of Latest Mars Lander
NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has identified new markings on the surface of the Red Planet that are believed to be related to Europe’s Schiaparelli test lander, which arrived at Mars on Oct. 19.
Uranus May Have Two Undiscovered Moons
A new study suggests Uranus has two tiny, previously undiscovered moonlets orbiting near two of the planet’s rings.
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 17-21 October 2016
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter views Schiaparelli landing site

NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has identified new markings on the surface of the Red Planet that are believed to be related to ESA’s ExoMars Schiaparelli entry, descent and landing technology demonstrator module.
Final exams
ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet and crew practise for the final Soyuz spacecraft exams before launch on 16 November
Nonlinear Dynamics and Strong Cavity Cooling of Levitated Nanoparticles
Author(s): P. Z. G. Fonseca, E. B. Aranas, J. Millen, T. S. Monteiro, and P. F. Barker
Millilelvin cavity cooling of levitated nanoparticles is experimentally demonstrated.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 173602] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Electron Plasmas Cooled by Cyclotron-Cavity Resonance
Author(s): A. P. Povilus, N. D. DeTal, L. T. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, W. N. Hardy, E. D. Hunter, I. Martens, F. Robicheaux, S. Shanman, C. So, X. Wang, and J. S. Wurtele
Nonneutral plasma cooling can be enhanced by up to a factor of 14 using an electromagnetic cavity with 105 electrons.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 175001] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Spin Pumping and Measurement of Spin Currents in Optical Superlattices
Author(s): C. Schweizer, M. Lohse, R. Citro, and I. BlochA spin pump is experimentally demonstrated using ultracold boson atoms in an optical superlattice.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 170405] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Resonant Optomechanics with a Vibrating Carbon Nanotube and a Radio-Frequency Cavity
Author(s): N. Ares, T. Pei, A. Mavalankar, M. Mergenthaler, J. H. Warner, G. A. D. Briggs, and E. A. Laird
Experimentalists demonstrate resonant optomechanical coupling between a carbon nanotube and a microwave cavity.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 170801] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Lightweight Mechanical Metamaterials with Tunable Negative Thermal Expansion
Author(s): Qiming Wang, Julie A. Jackson, Qi Ge, Jonathan B. Hopkins, Christopher M. Spadaccini, and Nicholas X. Fang
The volume of a star-shaped structure decreases when baked. Combining this technology with more conventional structures could lead to materials that don’t expand or contract with temperature changes.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 175901] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Electron Plasmas Cooled by Cyclotron-Cavity Resonance
Author(s): A. P. Povilus, N. D. DeTal, L. T. Evans, N. Evetts, J. Fajans, W. N. Hardy, E. D. Hunter, I. Martens, F. Robicheaux, S. Shanman, C. So, X. Wang, and J. S. Wurtele
Nonneutral plasma cooling can be enhanced by up to a factor of 14 using an electromagnetic cavity with 105 electrons.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 175001] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Lightweight Mechanical Metamaterials with Tunable Negative Thermal Expansion
Author(s): Qiming Wang, Julie A. Jackson, Qi Ge, Jonathan B. Hopkins, Christopher M. Spadaccini, and Nicholas X. Fang
The volume of a star-shaped structure decreases when baked. Combining this technology with more conventional structures could lead to materials that don’t expand or contract with temperature changes.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 175901] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Resonant Optomechanics with a Vibrating Carbon Nanotube and a Radio-Frequency Cavity
Author(s): N. Ares, T. Pei, A. Mavalankar, M. Mergenthaler, J. H. Warner, G. A. D. Briggs, and E. A. Laird
Experimentalists demonstrate resonant optomechanical coupling between a carbon nanotube and a microwave cavity.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 170801] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Spin Pumping and Measurement of Spin Currents in Optical Superlattices
Author(s): C. Schweizer, M. Lohse, R. Citro, and I. BlochA spin pump is experimentally demonstrated using ultracold boson atoms in an optical superlattice.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 170405] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Nonlinear Dynamics and Strong Cavity Cooling of Levitated Nanoparticles
Author(s): P. Z. G. Fonseca, E. B. Aranas, J. Millen, T. S. Monteiro, and P. F. Barker
Millilelvin cavity cooling of levitated nanoparticles is experimentally demonstrated.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 173602] Published Fri Oct 21, 2016
Images from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter show where the lost Schiaparelli crashed
Scientists are still trying to piece together exactly what happened to the lander
Citizen scientists discover place to search for exoplanets
People with no astrophysics training still helped make a big discovery
What’s the difference between Earth-mass and Earth-like?
Why we shouldn’t call exoplanets ‘Earth-like’ just yet
Kathmandu

Earth observation image of the week: a Sentinel-2 false-colour image of Nepal’s capital city, Kathmandu, and part of the Himalayan foothills
Leonhard Euler and the mechanics of rigid bodies
In this work we present the original ideas and the construction of the rigid bodies theory realised
by Leonhard Euler between 1738 and 1775. The number of treatises written by Euler on this subject is
enormous, including the most notorious Scien…
The Life Cycle of a Flood Revealed
A NASA analysis of a 2015 Texas flood is the first to document the full life cycle and impacts of a flood on both land and ocean.
Citizen Scientists Seek South Pole ‘Spiders’ on Mars
Ten thousand volunteers viewing images of Mars have helped identify targets for closer inspection, yielding new insights about erosional features known as “spiders.”
Cassini Sees Dramatic Seasonal Changes on Titan
As winter comes to the southern parts of Saturn’s moon Titan, NASA’s Cassini spacecraft has been following dramatic seasonal changes in the temperature and composition of the atmosphere there.
The Life Cycle of a Flood Revealed
A NASA analysis of a 2015 Texas flood is the first to document the full life cycle and impacts of a flood on both land and ocean.
Cassini Sees Dramatic Seasonal Changes on Titan
As winter comes to the southern parts of Saturn’s moon Titan, NASA’s Cassini spacecraft has been following dramatic seasonal changes in the temperature and composition of the atmosphere there.
Citizen Scientists Seek South Pole ‘Spiders’ on Mars
Ten thousand volunteers viewing images of Mars have helped identify targets for closer inspection, yielding new insights about erosional features known as “spiders.”
Transient Weakening of Earth’s Magnetic Shield Probed by a Cosmic Ray Burst
Author(s): P. K. Mohanty, K. P. Arunbabu, T. Aziz, S. R. Dugad, S. K. Gupta, B. Hariharan, P. Jagadeesan, A. Jain, S. D. Morris, B. S. Rao, Y. Hayashi, S. Kawakami, A. Oshima, S. Shibata, S. Raha, P. Subramanian, and H. Kojima
Observations with India’s cosmic-ray telescope indicate that Earth’s magnetic field weakened during a 2015 geomagnetic storm, allowing cosmic rays to pass through.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 171101] Published Thu Oct 20, 2016
Transient Weakening of Earth’s Magnetic Shield Probed by a Cosmic Ray Burst
Author(s): P. K. Mohanty, K. P. Arunbabu, T. Aziz, S. R. Dugad, S. K. Gupta, B. Hariharan, P. Jagadeesan, A. Jain, S. D. Morris, B. S. Rao, Y. Hayashi, S. Kawakami, A. Oshima, S. Shibata, S. Raha, P. Subramanian, and H. Kojima
Observations with India’s cosmic-ray telescope indicate that Earth’s magnetic field weakened during a 2015 geomagnetic storm, allowing cosmic rays to pass through.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 171101] Published Thu Oct 20, 2016
Earth from Space

Join us Friday, 21 October, at 10:00 CEST for the ‘Earth from Space’ video programme. This week features Nepal’s capital city, Kathmandu, and part of the Himalayan foothills
The solar system’s weirdest asteroid has frozen water on its surface
16 Psyche, a metallic relic of the early solar system, just got weirder.
Why some astronomers consider Pluto ‘the new Mars’
Inside the surprising finds from the New Horizons mission.
