
Watch the replay of the opening session of the Living Planet Symposium in Prague, 9–13 May
New model could help find gravitational waves in binary pulsars
The model contains, for the first time, a realistic description of how neutron stars are deformed just before they collide.
Stellar occultation offers new insights on Enceladus’ geysers
Cassini was able to measure the amount of water vapor erupting from the geysers, offering new insights on geologic activity beneath the moon’s surface.
Enceladus Jets: Surprises in Starlight
Scientists on NASA’s Cassini mission were surprised to find that a small-scale surface change produces very visible effects on Saturn’s active moon Enceladus.
Witness Juno’s Arrival at Jupiter Live from JPL
Social media users may apply now for access to a two-day media event at JPL on July 3-4, 2016, culminating in the arrival of NASA’s Juno spacecraft in orbit around Jupiter.
Watch the Transit of Mercury Across the Sun
SLOOH Observatory will be livestreaming the event, which you can watch here.
Enhanced Multi-MeV Photon Emission by a Laser-Driven Electron Beam in a Self-Generated Magnetic Field
Author(s): D. J. Stark, T. Toncian, and A. V. Arefiev
Computer simulations show that blasting plastic with strong laser pulses could produce gamma rays with unprecedented intensity, good for fundamental physics experiments and possibly cancer treatments.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 185003] Published Fri May 06, 2016
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 2-6 May 2016
Living Planet Symposium

For the latest news, interviews and web streaming of the world’s largest Earth observation conference, being held in Prague on 9–13 May, visit our dedicated web page
Follow the Symposium

Watch selected sessions of the Living Planet Symposium live from the Prague Conference Centre in the Czech Republic on 9–13 May
SpaceX pulled off its hardest sea landing yet
The company landed a first stage of a geostationary launch on its drone ship.
Personal aircraft aiming to take off from your home

A start-up company hosted in an ESA business incubator is developing the world’s first vertical takeoff and landing aircraft for personal use. The electric two-seater will open the door to a new class of simpler, quieter and environmentally friendly planes available from 2018.
Earth from Space

Join us Friday, 6 May, at 10:00 CEST for the ‘Earth from Space’ video programme. This week features a Sentinel-1 image of the Zachariae Isstrom Glacier
ALMA measures mass of black hole with extreme precision
To determine the actual mass of a supermassive black hole, astronomers must measure the strength of its gravitational pull on the stars and clouds of gas that swarm around it.
Second strongest shock wave found in merging galaxy clusters
Shocks provide unique opportunities to study high-energy phenomena in the intra-cluster medium — the hot plasma between galaxies.
Space Internet
Operations image of the week: Mission controllers monitor a network for astronauts to remotely drive rovers on planets
Pluto’s interaction with the solar wind is unique, study finds
Researchers thought that Pluto was characterized more like a comet, which has a large region of gentle slowing of the solar wind, as opposed to the abrupt diversion solar wind encounters at a planet like Mars or Venus, but instead Pluto is a hybrid.
NASA to Announce Latest Kepler Discoveries During Media Teleconference
NASA will host a news teleconference Tuesday, May 10 to announce the latest discoveries made by its planet-hunting mission, the Kepler Space Telescope.
Scientists Spot Strange Sunspots Around Nearby Star
By using multiple telescopes, they were able to get one of the best maps ever of a star other than the sun.
Model progress of Proba-3

Technology image of the week: the design evolution of ESA’s Proba-3 double satellite mission shown by this trio of 3D-printed models
Found: Clues about Volcanoes Under Ice on Ancient Mars
Volcanoes erupted beneath an ice sheet on Mars billions of years ago, far from any ice sheet on the Red Planet today, new evidence from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter suggests.
Ancient Volcanos Point to Extensive Ice on Mars
Volcanoes erupted beneath an ice sheet on Mars billions of years ago, far from any ice sheet on the Red Planet today, new evidence from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter suggests.
The research about these volcanoes helps show there was extensive ice o…
Second ExoMars mission moves to next launch opportunity in 2020
The mission’s board concluded that, taking into account the delays in European and Russian industrial activities and deliveries of the scientific payload, a launch in 2020 would be the best solution.
Magic Eye Mercury

Space Science Image of the Week: Mercury’s intriguing Kertész crater fools the eye in this image from NASA’s Messenger probe
ESA extends global ties

As an intergovernmental space agency, ESA engages with countries well beyond those of its member states. A key partnership is with Argentina, one of South America’s most space-connected countries.
Couture in orbit

Together with the London Science Museum and top European fashion schools, ESA is harnessing next-generation technology and exploring the future of fashion
The future of fashion with couture in orbit
ESA is in partnership with top European fashion schools to harness next-generation technology and explore the future of fashion.
The future of fashion with couture in orbit
ESA is in partnership with top European fashion schools to harness next-generation technology and explore the future of fashion.
Although boiling, water does shape martian terrain
A team of scientists has now shown that even though water that emerges onto the surface of Mars immediately begins to boil, it creates an unstable turbulent flow that can eject sediment and cause dry avalanches.
Three potentially habitable worlds found around nearby ultracool dwarf star
These worlds have sizes and temperatures similar to those of Venus and Earth and are the best targets found so far for the search for life outside the solar system.
An asteroid got knocked into a cometary orbit long ago
From asteroid belt to Oort Cloud, C/2014 S3 may be an important relic of the early solar system.
New landing date for ESA astronaut Tim Peake

ESA astronaut Tim Peake and his crewmates Yuri Malenchenko and Tim Kopra will return to Earth on 18 June, giving them almost two more weeks more in space than their original mission.
Each International Space Station crew flies as a trio to the outpost and back to Earth in a Soyuz spacecraft. About every three months, a crew returns to Earth shortly before a new one arrives, often leaving a few days when only three astronauts look after the Station.
Tim, Tim and Yuri will stay longer in space because ground control aims to keep the Space Station operating at full capacity with six astronauts.
Tim Peake says: “Although I am looking forward to being back on Earth and seeing friends and family again, each day spent living in space is a huge privilege and there is much work to do on the Station.
“This extension will keep the Station at a full crew of six for several days longer, enabling us to accomplish more scientific research.
“And, of course, I get to enjoy the beautiful view of planet Earth for a little while longer!”
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 25-29 April 2016
Powerful winds spotted from mysterious X-ray binaries
The XMM-Newton satellite has discovered gas streaming away at a quarter of the speed of light from bright X-ray binaries in two nearby galaxies.
Satellites 11 and 12 join working Galileo fleet

Europe’s latest navigation satellites, launched last December, have been officially commissioned into the Galileo constellation, and are now broadcasting working navigation signals.
On the Road to Finding Other Earths
NASA is developing new technologies to help astronomers capture the shine of Earth-like worlds and ultimately look for evidence of life elsewhere in our galaxy.
Sentinel-1B first image
Less than three days after it was launched, Sentinel-1B has delivered its first radar image of Earth
Station 360: Tranquility
Explore the International Space Station’s Tranquility module from all angles on your mobile phone or headset
Sentinel-1B delivers

Launched on 25 April from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana, Sentinel-1B has produced its first images only two hours after the radar was switched on – a record time for a space radar.
Symmetry Guide to Ferroaxial Transitions
Author(s): J. Hlinka, J. Privratska, P. Ondrejkovic, and V. JanovecA theoretical database is presented of the 212 distinct types of symmetry reductions that could occur for a symmetry-breaking structural phase transition, revealing 124 symmetry reducti…
Earth from Space

Join us Friday, 29 April, at 10:00 CEST for the ‘Earth from Space’ video programme. This week features a Sentinel-2A image of Namibia
Fermi helps link cosmic neutrino to blazar blast
NASA’s Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope helped astronomers connect a blazar’s outburst to Big Bird, one of the most powerful neutrino events ever detected.
Astronomers Spy a Massive Supernova in a Nearby Galaxy
A giant star that exploded 30 million years ago in a galaxy near Earth had a radius prior to going supernova that was 200 times larger than our sun, according to astrophysicists at Southern Methodist University, Dallas.
The sudden blast hurled material…
Hiding in the Sunshine: The Search for Other Earths
How instruments called coronagraphs might help us ultimately find Earth-like worlds.
Curiosity Mars Rover Crosses Rugged Plateau
NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover has nearly finished crossing a stretch of the most rugged and difficult-to-navigate terrain encountered during the mission’s 44 months on Mars.
Observation of Long-Range Elliptic Azimuthal Anisotropies in sqrt[s] =13 and 2.76 TeV pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector
Author(s): G. Aad et al. (ATLAS Collaboration)Proton-proton collisions at the highest available LHC energy produce strongly correlated particles that are reminiscent of those seen in similar collisions with protons and lead.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 17230…
Is the Gravitational-Wave Ringdown a Probe of the Event Horizon?
Author(s): Vitor Cardoso, Edgardo Franzin, and Paolo PaniRecently detected gravitational waves might not be a signature of black holes but of other massive objects that lack an event horizon.[Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 171101] Published Wed Apr 27, 2016
Tim Peake goes roving

In a live space-to-ground test of human–robot cooperation, ESA astronaut Tim Peake will control a rover on Earth on Friday from the International Space Station, helping prepare for future exploration missions.
Curiosity leaves rough terrain for smoother, science rich lakebed
NASA’s Curiosity Mars rover has nearly finished crossing a stretch of the most rugged and difficult-to-navigate terrain encountered during the mission’s 44 months on Mars.
The rover climbed onto the Naukluft Plateau of lower Mount Sharp in early March …
SpaceX Reportedly Sets Its Sites on Mars ‘As Soon as 2018’
In a tweet, the company says it’s prepared to send a Dragon to Mars within the decade.
Sentinel-1B spreads its wings

Following liftoff on 25 April from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana, Sentinel-1B has opened its large solar wings and radar antenna.
Astronomers Find a Moon Hiding Around Makemake in Hubble Data
Once a lonely ice block, now it seems the dwarf planet may have a close-in companion.
Cassini Finds a Lake On Titan That’s Almost Completely Methane
Saturn’s largest moon is covered in seas and lakes of liquid hydrocarbons – and one sea has now been found to be filled with pure methane, with a seabed covered by a sludge of organic-rich material, and possibly surrounded by wetlands.
Of all th…
Cassini Explores a Methane Sea on Titan
A new study finds that a large sea on Saturn’s moon Titan is composed mostly of pure liquid methane, independently confirming an earlier result.
Light Echoes Give Clues to Protoplanetary Disk
Astronomers used echoes of light to determine the distance from a star to the inner wall of its surrounding protoplanetary disk.
Trail to Mercury
Technology image of the week: the eerie blue exhaust trail of a T6 ion thruster, a quartet of which will transport BepiColombo towards the innermost planet
Sent to space

Human spaceflight and robotic exploration image of the week: Growing blood vessels in space – tissue culture ready for the International Space Station
Profile of a methane sea on Titan

Saturn’s largest moon is covered in seas and lakes of liquid hydrocarbons – and one sea has now been found to be filled with pure methane, with a seabed covered by a sludge of organic-rich material, and possibly surrounded by wetlands.
Mars’ surface revealed in unprecedented detail
Researchers stacked and matched images taken from orbit to reveal objects at a resolution up to five times greater than previously achieved.
FLY Your Satellite!
The 3 student Cubesats launched with Sentinel-1 on 25 April have phoned home. Follow their progress
Hubble’s birthday bubble

Space science image of the week: A massive star has blown a giant bubble in space – and Hubble has finally seen it all
Revisit the launch event

From ESA’s ESRIN centre for Earth observation in Italy, watch the replay of the event celebrating Sentinel-1B
Launch replay

Watch the replay of the Sentinel-1B launch coverage from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on 25 April
Sentinel-1B launched to complete radar pair

The second Sentinel-1 satellite – Sentinel-1B – was launched today to provide more ‘radar vision’ for Europe’s environmental Copernicus programme.
Sentinel-1B liftoff
Sentinel-1B lifted off on a Soyuz rocket together with three Fly Your Satellite! CubeSats and the CNES Microscope satellite
A Real-Life Bay Watch: NASA Helps Monitor LA Coastline
NASA satellites help the City of Los Angeles monitor Santa Monica Bay during wastewater treatment plant repairs.
Could NASA’s asteroid mission visit a third world
The Dawn probe is currently in orbit around Ceres after a visit to Vesta. Now, its researchers want to visit a third world to finish out the mission.
Mission Manager Update: Kepler recovered and returned to the K2 mission
The spacecraft is now ready for science operations, officially starting K2’s new gravitational microlensing campaign, known as Campaign 9.
Sentinel-1B launch coundown resumed
Following an anomaly observed during the countdown for the launch of Soyuz flight VS14 carrying Sentinel-1B, the countdown on 24 April was halted.
Sentinel-1B liftoff delayed another 24 hours
The latest meteorological observations indicate a ‘red’ weather conditions for the time of liftoff, initially set for Saturday 23 April 2016, therefore Arianespace has decided not to undertake final fueling operations with the launcher.
T…
ESA’s guide to the Moon
Explore the why and how of lunar exploration in this comprehensive web documentary
Join NASA for a #24Seven Celebration of Earth Day
This Earth Day, join NASA in a behind-the-scenes look at all we do in Earth science — and the people working to better understand our home planet, every minute of every day.
Join NASA for a #24Seven Celebration of Earth Day
This Earth Day, join NASA in a behind-the-scenes look at all we do in Earth science — and the people working to better understand our home planet, every minute of every day.
Sentinel-1B launch postponed
During the technical review prior to the start of Soyuz fueling, the availability of the launcher, satellites, ground facilities and the launch base was confirmed.
Week In Images
Our week through the lens: 18-22 April 2016
Radar vision
Discover how the Sentinel-1 mission uses its radar to make our lives safer
Cosmic beacons reveal the Milky Way’s ancient core
Astronomers have discovered that the central 2,000 light-years within the Milky Way Galaxy hosts an ancient population of stars.
Brief history of earth imaging
This Earth Day, we can remember one of the catalysts: an image of the entire Earth taken from above.
Herschel’s Galactic panorama

This new video from ESA’s Herschel space observatory reveals in stunning detail the intricate pattern of gas, dust and star-forming hubs along the plane of our Galaxy, the Milky Way.
The many faces of Earth

As Earth Day is celebrated across the globe, discover some of the aspects satellites can ‘see’
Researchers Spy Traces of a Supernova In Earth-bound Cosmic Rays
Cosmic rays pelting the upper atmosphere are evidence of a recent supernova in the cosmic neighborhood.
NASA Seeks Industry Ideas for an Advanced Mars Satellite
NASA is soliciting ideas from U.S. industry for designs of a Mars orbiter for potential launch in the 2020s
NASA Works to Improve Solar Electric Propulsion for Deep Space Exploration
NASA has selected Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc. to design/develop an advanced electric propulsion system for deep space exploration missions like NASA’s Asteroid Redirect Mission.
New Maps Chart Greenland Glaciers’ Melting Risk
New maps of the seafloor around Greenland help scientists understand which glaciers are at increased risk for melting.
Asteroid Heinerklinkrad
Operations image of the week: Asteroid named after space debris expert Heiner Klinkrad
Teams ready for Sentinel-1B launch

A final, full rehearsal has confirmed that teams at ESA’s mission control are ready for tomorrow’s launch of the Sentinel-1B radar satellite.
Lone planetary-mass object found in family of stars
Scientists have identified a free-floating planetary-mass object within a young star family, called the TW Hydrae association.
Sentinel-1 counts fish

Images from the Sentinel-1A satellite are being used to monitor aquaculture in the Mediterranean, in another example of the mission’s contribution to food security, as fisheries become the main source of seafood.
Ice station Svalbard
Technology image of the week: ESA’s veteran Proba-1 minisatellite images Europe’s most northerly satellite ground station
Space Station 360: Kibo

Explore Japan’s Kibo space laboratory with your mobile phone or VR headset in this panorama
Sentinel-1B in position for liftoff

With just two days to liftoff, the next Sentinel for Europe’s environmental monitoring programme in now poised high in the launch tower at Europe’s Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana.
Watch Sentinel-1B launch

Follow the Sentinel-1B launch live from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on 25 April. Streaming begins at 20:40 GMT (22:40 CEST), with liftoff scheduled at 21:02 GMT (23:02 CEST)
Follow the launch event

Live from ESA’s Earth observation centre in Italy: follow the event to celebrate the launch of Sentinel-1B. Streaming begins at 19:00 GMT (21:00 CEST)
NASA missions measure solar flare from 2 spots in space
Scientists want to pin down the processes that create solar flares and even some day predict them before our communications can be interrupted.
Calling all artists: apply now for art and science residency
ESA, in partnership with Ars Electronica, is announcing art&science@ESA, a new art residency to explore the fertile ground between art and space science.
Why an asteroid mission?
Why does Earth need an asteroid-deflection test? Queen guitarist Brian May, ESA astronaut Luca Parmitano, UK Astronomer Royal Sir Martin Rees and Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield share their thoughts
Pick a satnav prize

If you have a smart idea for a novel application using Europe’s Galileo satnav system, here’s your chance to turn it into a business
New Ceres Images Show Bright Craters
Craters with bright material on dwarf planet Ceres shine in new images from NASA’s Dawn mission.
Lone Planetary-Mass Object Found in Family of Stars
Sitting all by itself in space, a newfound object may help answer mysteries about planets without parent stars.
Umberto Guidoni
Human spaceflight and robotic exploration image of the week: Umberto Guidoni, the first European to visit the International Space Station